TIOBE has released the Programming Community Index for May 2012 a bit late. The top 3 languages do not change compared to last Month TIOBE : C overtakes Java as the No.1 programming language, they are still C,Java and C++. However, the share of Java is continuing dropping, Objective-C is steadily rising  Other languages which have rising trend are Visual Basic.NET，PL/SQL and Logo.The last 8 years not much has changed in the top 10 of the TIOBE index except for Objective-C (in) and Delphi (out). Apart from iPhone language Objective-C, new language adoption appears to be much harder th...

When we are coding we may often see some encoding specifications in our source codes such as UTF-8,GB2312. Do you know what these encoding mean and why we need them? In this post, Julián Solórzano will introduce the most widely used encoding specification around the world accomodating all different character sets in the world.UTF-8 is a method for encoding Unicode characters using 8-bit sequences. Unicode is a standard for representing a great variety of characters from many languages.Something like 40 years ago, the standard for information encoding ASCII was created. ASCII...

Concurrency and parallelism are two related concepts which deal with executing tasks "simultaneously". From Sun's Multithreaded Programming Guide:Concurrency: A condition that exists when at least two threads are making progress. A more generalized form of parallelism that can include time-slicing as a form of virtual parallelism.Parallelism: A condition that arises when at least two threads are executing simultaneously.These two definitions are too formal to be understood easily. On the Internet, there is one image which demonstrates the difference between these two in an easy way:Much e...

While talking about bit operation, programmers usually think about its efficiency. In embedded programming and system core optimization, appropriate use of bit operations is always a fascinating. When finding a job, it will help you a lot if you use bit operations when writing codes. Mastering simple bit arithmetic skills is necessary.1. Get maximum int valueint getMaxInt(){          return (1 << 31) - 1;//2147483647，   }  Another way:int getMaxInt(){     &nbs...

The following diagram shows that if is a programming language is a knife, what would it be.? This figure I personally feel very interesting.I try to give my  explanation for some languages  here:.C + +, C and Pascal are the Swiss Army knife. The knife of the C language has a USB, that can do hardware operation. C++, a knife with everything, C + + is a variety of languages​​. Swiss army knife (figure C+ + is very powerful, do not think that it is fictional, this knife is real, called Wenger a giant knife, http://www.wenger.ch/giant-knife-wenger-swiss- army-knife Java / C...

Do we need comment in our programs? Depends, if we can write a program which can clearly tell s the reader what the program does, then we had better to avoid unnecessary comments. However, if the program we develop is complex enough and it involves some uncommon logic which needs more explanation, then we have to add comment and make sure the comment we add can correctly tell the readers what we do.The worst scenarios is not you forget or you don't want to add comment, it's that you add comment but the comment you add is wrong or may diverge the readers to think something else. We don't want t...

When we write programs, we may often get into a situation where we don't know whether we should use Abstract class or Interface when we want to define an abstract object. These two are very similar and they are interchangeable in many cases. On Stackoverflow, this question is asked lots of times and it's related to many programming languages. Also in the official documentation of PHP regarding the Abstract class and Interface, people are arguing about this. To understand this question, their differences and use scenarios need to be understood first.Abstract class and Interface structureFor Abs...

Here’s a Python script which renders some Penrose tiling. Yes, this is valid Python code:_ =\ """if! 1:"e,V=100 0,(0j-1)**-.2; v,S=.5/ V.real, [(0,0,4 *e,4*e* V)];w=1 -v"def! E(T,A, B,C):P ,Q,R=B*w+ A*v,B*w+C *v,A*w+B*v;retur n[(1,Q,C,A),(1,P ,Q,B),(0,Q,P,A)]*T+[(0,C ,R,B),(1,R,C,A...