[The Python version described in this article is 3.x, more specifically - the 3.3 alpha release of CPython.]The concept of a callable is fundamental in Python. When thinking about what can be "called", the immediately obvious answer is functions. Whether it’s user defined functions (written by you), or builtin functions (most probably implemented in C inside the CPython interpreter), functions were meant to be called, right?Well, there are also methods, but they’re not very interesting because they’re just special functions that are bound to objects. What else can be call...

The ecosystem for open source Python projects is both rich and diverse. This enables you to stand on the shoulders of giants in the production of your next open source project. In addition, it means that there's a set of community norms and best practices. By adhering to these conventions and applying the practices in your project, you may gain wider adoption for your software. This article covers practices that have worked well for building large and small projects that have gained wide user c...

Now that you have you system and project environment all setup you probably want to start developing. But you likely don’t want to start writing an entire project fully from scratch, as you dive in you’ll quickly realize theres many tools helping you build projects and sites faster. For example making a request to a website there’s Requests, for handling processing images there’s Python Imaging Library, or for a full framework to help you in building a site there’s Django. With all of these there’s one simple and common way to install ...

Python is one of the top programming languages of the present time. A variety of companies with different backgrounds and offerings have embraced the capabilities of Python to make wonderful tech products. As, Java is also known to be one of the most recognized languages, therefore, there is a constant battle that takes place between the two languages. Python wants to dethrone Java as the number one, whenever it is and vice versa. It is like the tussle between Android and iOS which is never ending. Both of the languages were introduced to the world in the 90’s.Shortly after the emergence...

 As I have mentioned in Why do I need a debugger?:(3) Debugger is a good tool to help you understand code.So when I come across difficulty to understand vfscount.py code in bcc project, I know it is time to resort to pdb, python's debugger, to help me.The thing which confuses me is here:counts = b.get_table("counts")for k, v in sorted(counts.items(), key=lambda counts: counts[1].value): print("%-16x %-26s %8d" % (k.ip, b.ksym(k.ip), v.value))From previous code:BPF_HASH(counts, struct key_t, u64, 256);It seems the v's type is u64, a...