In Golang, nil is a predefined identifier that carries different meanings in various contexts, but typically represents "none", "empty" or "zero value". It can be assigned to variables of pointer, slice, map, channel, function, and interface types. Understanding the significance of nil is crucial for writing robust Go programs, as mishandling nil can lead to unexpected issues.nil in PointersIn Go, pointers are a fundamental type that stores the memory address of a variable. When a pointer is declared but not initialized, its value is nil. The following example code illustrates this:package mai...

PrefaceI am writing this article because I recently noticed in the Python community that there are several frequently asked questions:Why does running the command after installing pip result in a "executable not found" error?Why does importing a module result in a "ModuleNotFound" error?Why can I run my code in PyCharm, but it doesn't work in the command prompt?Rather than just providing solutions, it is better to teach people how to fish. To address these types of issues, you need to understand how Python locates packages. I hope that after reading this article, you will find it helpful.How P...

The dependency management in Golang is handled using go mod. go mod is the official dependency management tool introduced by the Golang team. It assists developers in managing project dependencies to ensure the stability and maintainability of the project code. In go mod, dependencies are categorized into two types based on how packages are imported in the code: direct dependencies and indirect dependencies. Direct dependencies are explicitly referenced in the project code, while indirect dependencies are dependencies of the direct dependencies. Below we will provide detailed explanations of t...

IntroductionGo's simplicity and power shine in its interface system, offering a clean way to define contracts between types. However, when it comes to checking whether a struct satisfies an interface, Go's static typing philosophy means there isn't a direct runtime check. In this concise guide, we'll explore practical methods, including some lesser-known tricks, to verify whether a struct implements an interface.Method 1: Type Assertion and a Dummy Methodpackage mainimport "fmt"type MyInterface interface { MyMethod()}type MyStruct struct{}func (ms MyStruct) MyMethod() { fmt.Println("MyMe...

GoLang is a modern, statically typed, compiled programming language designed for building scalable, concurrent, and efficient software. It provides various built-in functions and features that help developers write concise and efficient code. Among them are the new() and make() functions, which may appear similar at first glance but serve different purposes in GoLang and are crucial for memory allocation and data initialization.In this blog article, we will explore the differences between the new() and make() functions, and understand when and how to use them effectively.new() and make()new() ...

SSH, short for Secure Shell, is a network protocol used for securely remote logging into other computers on a network. I believe most backend developers are familiar with SSH. Common shell tools used for logging into servers, such as Xshell, SecureCRT, and iTerm2, are all based on the SSH protocol. In Golang, the crypto/ssh package provides functionality for implementing an SSH client. In this article, we will explain in detail how to implement an SSH client using Golang.Creating SSH Client ConfigurationFirst, we need to configure the parameters for the SSH client to connect to the server. The...

Singleton pattern is the simplest design pattern in software design. It ensures that only one instance of an object exists globally, regardless of how many times the object is instantiated. Based on the characteristics of the singleton pattern, it can be applied to scenarios such as global unique configuration, database connection objects, file access objects, etc. In Go language, there are multiple ways to implement the singleton pattern. Today, let's learn together about some of these approaches.Eager InitializationImplementing the singleton pattern using eager initialization is very simple....

In Go language, select is a keyword used to listen to and perform IO operations related to channels.With the select statement, we can simultaneously listen to multiple channels and perform corresponding operations when any of the channels are ready.This article will summarize the common uses of the select statement and provide some considerations when using it.Basic syntaxThe basic syntax of the select statement is as follows:select {case <-channel1: // when channel1 has data to processcase data := <-channel2: // when channel2 has data to processdefault: // if no channel has dat...